Toronto native plants starting with L: Lactuca biennis to Lythrum alatum

(Updated November 29, 2009).

It's exciting to see how many possibilities for native plant garderners there are in Toronto (something you'd never guess from the average Toronto plant seller, unfortunately.) I've put a link to the relevant entries in this blog where available. I have tried to be as accurate as possible but I'm no expert so any corrections to this list would be appreciated!

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L

• Lactuca biennis (tall blue lettuce). LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lactuca canadensis (wild lettuce). LBJ, NANPS, P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lactuca floridana (blue lettuce, woodland lettuce). CCC, CC rare, LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lactuca hirsuta (hairy lettuce). LBJ, P&M, PLANTS.
• Lactuca hirsuta var. hirsuta (hairy lettuce). PLANTS.
• Lactuca hirsuta var. sanguinea (hairy lettuce). LBJ, PLANTS.
• Lactuca tatarica (blue lettuce). LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lactuca tatarica var. pulchella (blue lettuce). LBJ, PLANTS.
• Laportea canadensis (Canadian woodnettle), uncommon. Banville, LBJ, PLANTS.
• Larix laricina (American larch, tamarack), uncommon. Banville, LBJ, PLANTS. More info: Chester, DG.
• Lathyrus japonicus (beach pea). LBJ, P&M, PLANTS.
• Lathyrus ochroleucus (cream pea). PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lathyrus palustris (vetchling, marsh pea). P&M, PLANTS, PtS.
• Lathyrus venosus (bushy vetch, veiny pea). LBJ, PLANTS.
• Lechia minor (thymeleaf pinweed). CC rare, P&M.
• Lechia pulchella (pinweed). CC rare.
• Lechia villosa (hairy pinweed). CC rare.
• Ledum groenlandicum (bog Labrador tea). LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Leersia oryzoides (rice cut-grass). NANPS, PLANTS, PtS.
• Leersia virginica (whitegrass). PLANTS.
• Lemna minor (common duckweed), common. Banville, LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lemna trisulca (star duckweed), rare. Banville, LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lemna turionifera (turion duckweed). PLANTS.
• Lepidium densiflorum (common pepperweed), common. Banville, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lepidium ramosissiumum (many-branched pepperweed). PLANTS.
• Lepidium virginicum (Virginia pepperweed), uncommon. Banville, LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Leskea gracilescens (leskea moss). CC rare, PLANTS.
• Lespedeza capitata (round-headed bush-clover). LBJ, NANPS, P&M, PLANTS, PtS.
• Lespedeza frutescens (shrubby lespedeza, wand-like bush-clover). NANPS (as L. intermedia), PLANTS.
• Lespedeza hirta (hairy bush-clover). LBJ, P&M, PLANTS, PtS.
• Lespedeza intermedia: see L. frutescens.
• Lespedeza x longifolia (longleaf lespedeza). PLANTS.
• Lespedeza x nuttallii (Nuttall's bushclover). PLANTS.
• Lespedeza procumbens (trailing lespedeza). PLANTS.
• Lespedeza violacea (violet bush-clover). CC rare, LBJ, PLANTS.
• Lespedeza virginica (slender bush-clover). CC SAR, LBJ, P&M, PLANTS.
• Leucophysalis grandiflora (large false groundcherry). LBJ, PLANTS.
• Leucospora multifida (leucospora, narrowleaf paleseed). CC rare, PLANTS.
• Liatris aspera (rough blazing-star, tall blazing star). CCC, CC rare, LBJ, NANPS, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Liatris cylindracea (cylindric blazing-star, Ontario blazing star). CC rare, LBJ, NANPS, P&M, PLANTS, PtS. More info: DG.
• Ligusticum scoticum (Scottish licorice-root). LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lilium canadense (Canada lily). LBJ, P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lilium michiganense (Michigan lily), common. Banville, CCC, LBJ, NANPS, P&M, PLANTS, PtS. More info: DG.
• Linaria canadensis: see Nuttallanthus canadensis.
• Lindera benzoin (northern spicebush), uncommon. Banville, CCC, LBJ, NANPS, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lindernia dubia (yellowseed false pimpernell). PLANTS.
• Lindernia dubia var. anagallidea (yellowseed false pimpernell). CC rare, PLANTS.
• Lindernia dubia var. dubia (yellowseed false pimpernell). PLANTS.
• Linnaea borealis (twinflower). LBJ, P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Linum medium (stiff yellow flax). CCC, PLANTS.
• Linum medium var. medium (stiff yellow flax). CC rare, PLANTS.
• Linum medium var. texanum (wild flax). CC rare, PLANTS.
• Linum striatum (ridged yellow flax). PLANTS.
• Linum sulcatum (grooved yellow flax). CC rare, LBJ, PLANTS.
• Linum virginianum (Virginia yellow flax). CCC, CC rare, LBJ, P&M, PLANTS.
• Liparis liliifolia (lily-leaf twayblade, brown widelip orchid). CCC, CC SAR, LBJ, PLANTS.
• Liparis loeselii (bog twayblade, yellow widelip orchid), rare. Banville, P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lipocarpha micrantha (small-flowered lipocarpha, smallflower halfchaff sedge). CC SAR, LBJ, PLANTS.
• Liquidambar styraciflua (sweet gum). NANPS, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Listera auriculata (auricled twayblade). PLANTS.
• Listera australis (southern twayblade). LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Listera convallarioides (broad-lipped twayblade). P&M, PLANTS.
• Listera cordata (heartleaf twayblade). P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lithospermum caroliniense (plains puccoon, Carolina puccoon). CC rare, LBJ, PLANTS.
• Lithospermum caroliniense var. croceum (hairy puccoon, Carolina puccoon). P&M (as L. croceum), PLANTS.
• Lithosperum latifolium (broad-leaved puccoon). CC rare, PLANTS.
• Lobelia cardinalis (cardinal-flower). LBJ, NANPS, P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lobelia dortmanna (water lobelia, Dortmann's cardinal flower). P&M, PLANTS.
• Lobelia inflata (Indian tobacco). P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lobelia kalmii (brook lobelia, Ontario lobelia). P&M, PLANTS.
• Lobelia siphilitica (great blue lobelia). LBJ, NANPS, P&M, PLANTS, PtS. More info: DG.
• Lonicera canadensis (American fly-honeysuckle). LBJ, P&M, PLANTS.
• Lonicera dioica (limber honeysuckle). LBJ, NANPS, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lonicera hirsuta (hairy honeysuckle). LBJ, PLANTS.
• Lonicera oblongifolia (swamp fly-honeysuckle). LJB, P&M, PLANTS.
• Lonicera villosa (northern fly-honeysuckle). LBJ, P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG
• Ludwigia alternifolia (seedbox). CC rare, LBJ, P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Ludwigia palustris (water-purselane). P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Ludwigia polycarpa (many-fruited false loosestrife). CC rare, LBJ, P&M, PLANTS.
• Lupinus perennis (wild lupine). CCC, CC rare, LBJ, NANPS, P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lupinus polyphyllus (bigleaf lupine). LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Luzula acuminata (hairy woodrush), uncommon. Banville, NANPS, PLANTS.
• Luzula campestris var. multiflora: see L. multiflora ssp. multiflora var. multiflora.
• Luzula multiflora (common woodrush). LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Luzula multiflora ssp. multiflora var. multiflora (common woodrush), rare. Banville, PLANTS.
• Luzula parviflora (small-flowered woodrush). PLANTS.
• Lycopodium annotinum (stiff clubmoss). PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lycopodium clavatum (running clubmoss). PLANTS.
• Lycopodium complanatum (groundcedar). PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lycopodium complanatum var. flabelliforme (groundcedar), rare. Banville.
• Lycopodium dendroidium (tree groundpine). PLANTS.
• Lycopodium digitatum (fan clubmoss). LBJ, PLANTS. More info: DG, Leckie.
• Lycopodium x habereri (). PLANTS.
• Lycopodium hickeyi (Pennsylvania clubmoss). PLANTS.
• Lycopodium lagopus (one-cone clubmoss). PLANTS.
• Lycopodium lucidulum: see Huperzia lucidula.
• Lycopodium obscurum (rare clubmoss), rare. Banville, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lycopodium sabinifolium (savinleaf groundpine). PLANTS.
• Lycopodium sitchense (Sitka clubmoss). PLANTS.
• Lycopodium tristachyum (deeproot clubmoss). PLANTS.
• Lycopodium x zeilleri (Zeiller's groundcedar). PLANTS.
• Lycopus americanus (water horehound). NANPS, PLANTS, PtS. More info: DG.
• Lycopus asper (rough bugleweed). CC rare, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lycopus rubellus (taperleaf bugleweed). CC rare, LBJ, PLANTS.
• Lycopus x sherardii (Sherard's water horehound). PLANTS.
• Lycopus uniflorus (northern bugleweed). PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lycopus virginicus (Virginia bugleweed, Virginia water horehound). CC rare, PLANTS.
• Lysimachia ciliata (fringed loosestrife). LBJ, NANPS, P&M, PLANTS, PtS. More info: DG.
• Lysimachia x commixta (mixed loosestrife). PLANTS.
• Lysimachia hybrida (hybrid loosestrife, lowland yellow loosestrife). P&M, PLANTS.
• Lysimachia x producta (loosestrife). PLANTS.
• Lysimachia quadrifolia (whorled loosestrife). NANPS, P&M, PLANTS, PtS. More info: DG.
• Lysimachia terrestris (yellow loosestrife, earth loosestrife). LBJ, NANPS, P&M, PLANTS. More info: DG.
• Lysimachia thyrsiflora (tufted loosestrife). PLANTS. More info: DG.

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References

• Me: I've seen it myself, in the wild in Toronto.
• Banville: Banville, Diana. Vascular Plants of Metropolitan Toronto 2nd ed. Toronto: Toronto Field Naturalists, 1994. (Available by mail order from TFN.)
• CCC: Carolinian Canada Coalition's list of Representative Carolinian Species.
• CC rare: Carolinian Canada Coalitions's list of Carolinian Zone Rare Species
• CC SAR: Carolinian Canada Coalition's list Carolinian Species at Risk
• LBJ: Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center.
• NANPS: North American Native Plant Society
• P&M: Peterson, Roger Tory and Margaret McKenny. A field guide to wildflowers: Northeastern and northcentral North America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1968.
• PLANTS: United States Department of Agriculture PLANTS Database
• PtS: Planting the Seed (PDF): A Guide to Establishing Prairie and Meadow Communities in Southern Ontario

Info

• Chester: Bronwyn Chester at Spacing Montréal
• DG: Dave's Garden
• Leckie: The Marvelous in Nature blog by Seabrooke Leckie